EarthScope's use of advanced instrumentation permits us to answer some of the outstanding questions in Earth Sciences by looking deeper, increasing resolution, and integrating diverse measurements and observations. Support for science projects is primarily awarded via a rigorous process of peer review of proposals submitted to the National Science Foundation. Thematic Working Groups, which are informal discussion groups open to the entire research community ( see TWG charge ) are responsible for identifying important questions and keeping track of the progress towards answering those questions.